How does a Fuel Injection Systems Works – A Complete Guide
Human life nowadays depends on machines, specifically vehicles, to the point where they have become necessary. The necessity of owning a car has become part of our everyday lives. However, this gift of technology comes with a lot of other responsibilities as well. It is not only necessary for these machines to be fed regularly with fuels and other expensive stuff, but they also require a lot of care from the owner. To properly maintain your vehicle, you need to have some basic knowledge about how it works. Fuel Injector Cleaning is an essential element to maintaining your car intact.
How does it work?
Fuel must be transferred from the fuel tank to the fuel injection system before functioning. This is the job of the low-pressure fuel system components. In addition to the fuel tank, one or more fuel supply pumps and one or more fuel filters make up the low-pressure side of the fuel system. Additionally, many fuel systems contain heaters and/or coolers to better control fuel temperature.
What Are Functions of Fuel Injectors?
Fuel Injectors provide the correct fuel to the engine so that it can burn it effectively to power the engine. However, this is more difficult than it seems. For combustion to occur, the engine must receive an exact amount of fuel and air. Too much fuel or too little fuel will either cause the engine to choke or prevent it from starting. The mechanism in the past to handle this task and the implementation of carbureted engines were not as effective as they are today. Today, thanks to advanced technology, we have a much better way to implement it: by using fuel injectors.
Fuel Tank:
Fuel tanks hold fuel supplies and help maintain their temperature below the flash point. In addition to dissipating heat from fuel returned from the engine, the fuel tank also serves as a heat exchanger (Bosch 1971).
At least 30 kPa should be tolerated in the fuel tank to make it leak-proof and corrosion-resistant. In addition, it must use some device to prevent excessive pressure from accumulating, such as a vent or a safety valve.
Fuel Supply Pump:
The fuel supply pump (often referred to as the lift pump) draws fuel from the tank and delivers it to the high-pressure pump. Nowadays, fuel pumps are either mechanically or electrically driven by the engine. By using an electrically driven fuel pump, the pump can be installed anywhere in the fuel system, including inside the fuel tank. Power comes from an engine-driven pump. The pump is sometimes integrated into a unit that performs another function.
Using a tandem pump as an example, these units combine a fuel pump and vacuum pump for the brake booster in one unit. There are some fuel systems, such as those that use a distributor-type pump, in which an electrically driven fuel supply pump and a high-pressure pump are integrated into one unit.
Fuel Filter:
An injection system that operates without any problems is only possible if the fuel is filtered. Fuel filters help prevent damage and premature wear caused by contaminants by retaining ultra fine particles and water to prevent them from entering the fuel injection system. These filters can be used at any stage of the fuel injection system. It is also common to find a course screen at the fuel intake in the fuel tank.
On the inlet side of the fuel transfer pump, a two-stage filter system usually uses a primary filter, and on the outlet side, a secondary filter. Primary filters are necessary for removing larger particles. The secondary filter is necessary as it must withstand higher pressures and remove smaller particles that can damage the engine components. Compared to one-stage filters, two-stage filters remove particles of equal size from the fuel.
Compression ratio:
The compression ratio in an internal-combustion engine specifies the degree to which the fuel mixture is compressed before ignition. There are two ways to define it: the maximum volume of the combustion chamber (with the piston farthest out, or bottom dead centre) divided by the volume of the combustion chamber. When the piston is in the full-compression position (with the piston nearest the head, or top dead centre). The compression ratio means that the mixture is compressed to one-sixth of its original volume by the piston in the cylinder.
Supercharger:
In piston-type internal-combustion engines, a supercharger is an air compressor or blower that increases the intake manifold pressure of the engine. It is the pumping action of the pistons during each intake stroke that increases the mass of air that is drawn into the cylinders by higher pressure. The extra air added to the engine makes it possible to burn more fuel per cycle, so the power of the engine is increased.
